Kyle Miller obtained his PhD from the University of College London, working in the lab of Julie Cooper at the London Research Institute. His PhD work focused on studying telomeres and their roles in replication and genome maintenance in fission yeast. He then was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California San Francisco focusing on chromatin and genome stability in budding yeast in the lab of Dr. David Tocyzski. He next completed another postdoctoral training in the lab of Prof. Stephen Jackson at the Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, England. This work focused on understanding the role of histone modifications and chromatin modifying enzymes in DNA double-strand break repair.

In 2011, he joined the faculty of the University of Texas at Austin and is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Molecular Biosciences. He is also a member of the Livestrong Cancer Institute (Dell Medical Center, UT Austin) and an adjunct member of the Dan Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Currently, his research aims to understand genome maintenance and the DNA damage response in the context of chromatin, cancer and anticancer therapies. His lab employs genetics, genomics, cell biology and molecular biology in both mouse and human tissue culture systems to gain insights into these areas of research. His lab applies these multifaceted and diverse approaches to these areas of research in hopes of defining the relationship between chromatin and DNA damage responses, as well as gaining insights into the mechanisms of cancer therapeutic drugs that act at the chromatin and DNA level. His work has obtained funding from the National Cancer Institute (NIH), Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT), American Cancer Society, the Keck Foundation and NASA.